Continuous Integration (CI) and Continuous Delivery (CD) are philosophies and toolsets for shipping code: instead of big, infrequent releases, developers push and test code constantly in smaller batches.
Historically, it was expensive and risky to ship software, so updates were infrequent and bundled together
Cheaper servers and better tooling have changed the equation: now developers can ship frequently and test often
Continuous Integration means integrating and testing your code changes automatically, while Continuous Delivery means you deploy those changes often
Tools like CircleCI let developers write automated tests, monitor builds, and locate problems fast so they can iterate and fix quickly
CI/CD is quickly becoming the de-facto standard for how startups ship code, and is even (slowly) making its way into larger companies.